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Palm Tree farms in the Judean and Samarian deserts
After a couple of weeks of getting acquainted with the
city, our daily routines, and the breadth of options available to us,
we—most things are definitively group activities—have had the time to
reach further afield and explore Israel a bit.
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Last weekend we drove in two cars to Eilat (Elat) on the Red Sea for some beach time and amazing snorkeling. When trying to picture Eilat think 'boardwalk on the Jersey Shore' and you'll be close. The beach is a crazy scene, tons of folks on a narrow band of sand and rocks fronting on crystalline waters. And trash. Lots of trash. I realised at this point how spoiled I am in such things.
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| Liz, Jesse, Sarah on the beach of the Red Sea |
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| Eilat child vom scene at the Red Sea | |
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| Thai Food massages |
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| Eilat hostel interior courtyard |
On the way down and back we also stopped at the Dead Sea... that would
be the water body which: has a salt content of 25% (and increasing, due to
evaporation), you should not put your head under (or
you'll need to call for emergency help), and that buoys you up with almost zero
paddling assistance from you. Nutty. Huge crusts of crystalline salt
line the shore and you must slip across them when entering the water at certain
points.
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| Dead Sea |
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| Dead Sea mud treatment |
The cornerstone to this weekend trip, however, was a trip to Masada. We
hiked up to the top of the mesa very early in the morning in order to be
on top in time to see the sun rise over the Dead Sea.
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| Masada, aerial view |
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| Tristram's grackles overlooking the Judean desert at Masada |
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| North, hanging palace of Masada |
The story of Masada is an amazing one dating back to 37 BC, with both
Alexander Jannaeus and then Herod building this palace and city atop the
mesa, training mules to go down to the valley unaccompanied where they
were laden with food by farmers and then sent back up to the town. The Jewish Sicari rebels then took the town before the Roman breaching of the walls of Masada.
The
Romans somehow* built a 375 foot siege road—a giant ramp almost as tall
as the mesa—where upon breaching the fort walls they found the populace
had all killed themselves in order to avoid the dishonor of being ruled
or killed by the Romans. Then it was taken by Jewish Rebels in 66 AD,
retaken by Romans, and eventually abandoned.
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| Mosaic at Masada in the small palace |
It is an amazing place to really get a sense of that history.
It is also the most visited archeological site in Israel.
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| Sunrise over Masada and the Dead Sea |
* Originally, Jewish rebels on top of Masada threw stones at those
building and constructing the ramp. When this plan was realized, the
Romans put captured Jewish prisoners from previously conquered towns to
work the ramp. The Jewish people on top of Masada stopped killing those
who built the ramp, choosing not to kill their fellow Jews, even though
they understood this might result in the Romans penetrating the
fortress.
The walls of the fortress were breached in 73 CE
According to Josephus, when Roman troops entered the fortress, they
discovered that its 960 inhabitants had set all the buildings but the
food storerooms ablaze and committed
mass suicide
or killed each other. Josephus wrote of two stirring speeches that the
Sicari leader had made to convince his fellows to kill themselves.
Only two women and five children were found alive.
Josephus presumably based his narration upon the field commentaries of the Roman commanders that were accessible to him.
There are significant discrepancies between archaeological findings,
and Josephus' writings. Josephus mentions only one of the two palaces
that have been excavated, refers only to one fire, while many buildings
show fire damage, and claims that 960 people were killed, while the
remains of only 28 bodies have been found.